John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath

British diplomat (1831–1896)

John Alexander Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath (1 March 1831 – 20 April 1896), styled Viscount Weymouth between March and June 1837, was a British peer and landowner, and a diplomat for almost sixty years.

Background and education

Born in St James's, he was the son of Henry Thynne, 3rd Marquess of Bath and his wife Harriet, second daughter of Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton.^[1] He succeeded his father as Marquess in June 1837, aged six.^[1] Lord Bath was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. He was a devout Anglo-Catholic and a determined opponent of the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874 which sought to suppress Ritualism in the Church of England.

He owned 55,000 acres, largely in Monaghan, Wiltshire, Somerset and Shropshire.^[2]

Career

He held the office of Envoy Extraordinary for the coronation of King Pedro V of Portugal on 27 May 1858, and Envoy Extraordinary for the coronation of the Emperor Franz Joseph I as King of Hungary on 25 July 1867.

From 1874 to 1893, he was a trustee of the National Portrait Gallery, as well as a trustee of the British Museum in 1883. He was Chairman of Wiltshire County Council and, having been a Deputy Lieutenant of Somerset from 1853, was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire in 1889, a post he held until his death in 1896.

He served as treasurer of the Salop Infirmary in Shrewsbury in 1865.^[3]

Beriah Botfield, who tenuously claimed a family connection with the Thynnes, left to the Marquess after his death in 1863 his collections of early printed and colour plate books and paintings including Dutch landscapes, which have largely remained at Longleat House.^[4]

Family and death

He married Frances Isabella Catherine Vesey, daughter of Thomas Vesey, 3rd Viscount de Vesci, on 20 August 1861. They had six children:

Sir Thomas Henry Thynne, 5th Marquess of Bath (1862–1946)
Lady Alice Emma Thynne (1864–1942), married 1883 Sir Michael Shaw-Stewart, 8th Baronet.
Lady Katherine Georgina Louisa Thynne (1865–1933), married Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer and had issue.
Lord John Boteville Thynne (1867–1887), died young and unmarried.
Lady Beatrice Thynne (1867–1941), died unmarried. She had been the heiress of her brother Alexander, including the manor of Church Stretton, Shropshire, which on her death passed to her nephew Henry, Viscount Weymouth.^[5]
Lieut.-Col. Lord Alexander George Boteville Thynne (1873–14 September 1918),^[6] who was a member of parliament for Bath,^[6] commanded the 6th Bn. of the Wiltshire Regiment,^[6] was awarded the Croix de Guerre (France),^[6] was killed in action,^[6] and died unmarried.^[6]

Lord Bath died in 1896, aged 65, in Italy and was buried at Longbridge Deverill, Wiltshire. His arms were those of Botfield quartering Thynne augmented and were blazoned Quarterly 1 & 4. Barry of ten or and sable (Botfield) 2 & 3. A lion rampant tail nowed (Thynne, augmentation of honour).^[7]

Family tree summary for the Thynnes of Longleat from about 1500^[8]

Ralph Botevile^[9]

Thomas Thynne^[9]

William Thynne^[9]^[10]
d. 1546

John Thynne of Longleat^[11]
c. 1515–1580

Francis Thynne^[10]
c. 1544–1608

John Thynneof Longleat^[12]
1555–1604

Charles Thynne^[13]
c. 1568–1652

Thomas Thynne of Longleat^[14]
c. 1578–1639

Baronet of Caus Castle, of Kempsford in the County of Gloucester, 1641

James of Longleat^[15]
1605–1670

Thomas of Richmond^[16]
d. 1669

Henry Frederick Thynne
1615–1680
1st Baronet of Kempsford

Baron Thynne, 1680
Viscount Weymouth, 1682

Thomas of Longleat,^[17]
1648–1682

Thomas Thynne^[18]
1640–1714
inherited Longleat, 1682
1st Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
2nd Baronet of Kempsford

James Thynne of Buckland
d. 1709

Henry Thynne Frederick
d. 1705

unmarried

Henry Thynne^[19]
1675–1708

Thomas Thynne d. 1710

two daughters but no sons

Thomas Thynne^[20]
1710–1751
2nd Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
3rd Baronet of Kempsford

Marquess of Bath, 1789

Baron Carteret (2nd creation), 1784

Thomas Thynne^[21]
1734–1796
1st Marquess of Bath,
3rd Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
4th Baronet of Kempsford

Henry Carteret^[22]
1735–1826
1st Baron Carteret

Thomas Thynne^[23]
1765–1837
2nd Marquess of Bath,
4th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
5th Baronet of Kempsford

George Thynne
1770–1838
2nd Baron Carteret

John Thynne
1772–1849
3rd Baron Carteret

Baron Carteret extinct, 1849

Henry Thynne
^[24]
1797–1837
3rd Marquess of Bath,
5th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
6th Baronet of Kempsford

Edward Thynne
1807–1884

Lady Charlotte Anne Thynne
1811–1895
marr.: Walter Montagu Douglas Scott, Duke of Buccleuch and had issue.

John Thynne^[25]
1831–1896
4th Marquess of Bath,
6th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
7th Baronet of Kempsford

Henry Thynne
1832–1904

Thomas Thynne
1862–1946
5th Marquess of Bath,
7th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
8th Baronet of Kempsford

Ulric Oliver Thynne
1871–1957

Henry Thynne
1905–1992
6th Marquess of Bath,
8th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
9th Baronet of Kempsford

Thomas Timothy Thynne
1929–1930

Alexander George Thynn
1930–2020
7th Marquess of Bath,
9th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
10th Baronet of Kempsford

Christopher John Thynne
1934–2017

Valentine Charles Thynne
1937–1979

Ceawlin Thynn
b. 1974
8th Marquess of Bath,
10th Viscount Weymouth and Baron Thynne,
11th Baronet of Kempsford

Lucien Henry Valentine Thynne
b. 1965

John Alexander Ladi Thynn
b. 2014
styled Viscount Weymouth

References

^ ^a ^b Dod, Robert P. (1860). The Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Whitaker and Co. p. 107.
^ Bateman, John (1883). The Great Landowners of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Harrison. p. 30.
^ Keeling-Roberts, Maragaret (1981). In Retrospect: A Short History of The Royal Salop Infirmary. North Shropshire Printing Company. p. xii. ISBN 0-9507849-0-7.
^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Volume 6. Oxford University Press. 2004. p. 754. ISBN 0-19-861356-3.Article on Beriah Botfield by W.P. Courtney, revised by A.S.G. Edwards.
^ "Church Stretton Pages 72-120 A History of the County of Shropshire: Volume 10, Munslow Hundred (Part), the Liberty and Borough of Wenlock. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1998". British History Online.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Record at Commonwealth War Graves Commission website
^ British Armourial Bindings: Barry of Ten, University of Toronto Libraries, accessed 16 Dec 2017.
^ Burke, Sir Bernard, (1938 ed) Burke's Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage. Shaw, London. p. 243
^ ^a ^b ^c Woodfall, H. (1768). The Peerage of England; Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of All the Peers of that Kingdom Etc. Fourth Edition, Carefully Corrected, and Continued to the Present Time, Volume 6. p. 258.
^ ^a ^b Lee, Sidney; Edwards, A. S. G. (revised) (2004). "Thynne, William (d. 1546)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27426. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ Girouard, Mark, Thynne, Sir John (1515–1580), estate manager and builder of Longleat in Oxford Dictionary of Biography (Oxford University Press, 2004)
^ Booth, Muriel. "Thynne, John (?1550–1604), of Longleat, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Lancaster, Henry; Thrush, Andrew. "Thynne, Charles (c.1568–1652), of Cheddar, So". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Pugh, R. B.; Crittall, Elizabeth, eds. (1957). "Parliamentary history: 1529–1629". A History of the County of Wiltshire. Vol. 5. London: Victoria County History – via British History Online.
^ Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir James (c.1605-70), of Longbridge Deverill, Wilt". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Helms, M. W.; Ferris, John P. "Thynne, Sir Thomas (c.1610–c.69), of Richmond, Sur". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Marshall, Alan (2008) [2004]. "Thynne, Thomas [nicknamed Tom of Ten Thousand] (1647/8–1682)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/27423. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ Heath-Caldwell, J. J. "Thomas Thynne, 1st Marquess of Bath, 3rd Viscount Weymouth". JJ Heath-Caldwell. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Hayton, D. W. "Thynne, Hon. Henry (1675-1708)". The History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Dunaway, Stewart (2013). Lord John Carteret, Earl Granville: His Life History and the Granville Grants. Lulu. p. 33. ISBN 9781300878070.
^ "Bath, Thomas Thynne". Encyclopedia Britannica 1911. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Thorne, Roland. "Carteret [formerly Thynne], Henry Frederick". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ "Thomas Thynne, 2nd Marquess of Bath (1765–1837)". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ Escott, Margaret. "Thynne, Lord Henry Frederick (1797-1837), of 6 Grovesnor Square, Md". History of Parliament. The History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
^ "John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath (1831-1896), Diplomat and landowner". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2 January 2016.

External links

Works by or about John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath at Internet Archive
Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by John Thynne, 4th Marquess of Bath
Bath, John Alexander Thynne, 4th Marquess of (1880). Observations on Bulgarian Affairs. London: Macmillan. Retrieved 15 October 2013.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

Honorary titles
Preceded by The Earl of Radnor	Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire 1889–1896	Succeeded by The Marquess of Lansdowne
Peerage of Great Britain
Preceded by Henry Thynne	Marquess of Bath 1837–1896	Succeeded by Thomas Thynne