List of memoirs by first ladies of the United States
![A book title page reading "Recollections of Full Years by Mrs. William Howard Taft with numerous illustrations; New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1914"](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Recollections_of_Full_Years_%28Helen_Taft%29.jpg/220px-Recollections_of_Full_Years_%28Helen_Taft%29.jpg)
Thirteen first ladies of the United States have written a total of twenty-two memoirs. The first lady is the hostess of the White House, and the position is traditionally filled by the wife of the president of the United States, with some historical exceptions. Every memoir by a first lady published in the 20th and 21st centuries has been a bestseller, at times outselling those of their presidential husbands.[1][2]
In the early 1800s, Abigail Adams had her correspondence published as Letters of Mrs. Adams, the Wife of John Adams, and Louisa Adams "made several attempts at an autobiography", though she never sought to publish them.[1] The Memoirs and Letters of Dolley Madison, Wife of James Madison, President of the United States were published in 1886 but were actually edited by Lucia Cutts and written by Dolley Madison's niece Mary Cutts.[note 1][4]
Julia Grant was the first to write and attempt to publish her memoirs, writing The Personal Memoirs of Julia Dent Grant in the 1890s after the death of her husband Ulysses S. Grant. However, she never found a suitable publisher for them before her death in 1902, in part because she had unrealistic expectations of their value. The memoirs were eventually published in 1975.[5] Helen Taft was the first to have memoirs published during her lifetime, in 1914.[1] Memoirs by presidential spouses were uncommon until the 1970s; in the decades after Taft, only Edith Wilson, Grace Coolidge, Eleanor Roosevelt, and Lady Bird Johnson wrote and published their memoirs.[2] Coolidge had her memoirs published in the 1930s as several articles in The American Magazine.[4] Most first ladies have written and published at least one memoir about their life since Betty Ford's publication of her first memoir in the late 1970s.[2]
Early published memoirs focused on relatively trivial matters, often largely focusing on the first lady's personal life. Helen Taft's memoirs were described by The New York Sun as "bright, witty, delightfully entertaining reminiscences" upon publication, and Edith Wilson's My Memoir was criticized by contemporary reviewers such as The New York Times for excessively focusing on clothing and social events.[6][7] Eleanor Roosevelt, who wrote four autobiographies, marked a shift in the content of the memoirs, writing more about political issues and less on her personal life. Lady Bird Johnson condensed a dictated two-million-word transcript into 300,000 for A White House Diary, which outsold her husband Lyndon B. Johnson's memoir.[6] In the 1960s Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis was involved in editing two books by Molly Thayer, Jacqueline Kennedy and Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House Years.[4]
Memoirs written by Betty Ford, Rosalynn Carter and Barbara Bush also outsold the memoirs of their husbands.[1] My Turn by Nancy Reagan, published in 1989, was nicknamed My Burn for its "vengeful" coverage of Reagan's life, particularly in the White House. The book sold very well, remaining on The New York Times Best Seller list for more than three months.[6][8] Michelle Obama's memoir Becoming was published in 2018. She received over $60 million in advance of publication, and the book had sold over 11.5 million copies as of November 2019[update].[9][10] There has been speculation that Melania Trump is writing a memoir or in talks to do so.[11][12]
Memoirs
Title | First lady | Publisher | Year | Identifier | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Personal Memoirs of Julia Dent Grant | Julia Grant | Putnam Publishing Group | 1975 | ISBN 978-0-399-11386-4 OCLC 1362819 | [note 2] |
Recollections of Full Years | Helen Taft | Dodd, Mead & Company | 1914 | OCLC 1071952821 | |
My Memoir | Edith Wilson | Bobbs-Merrill Company | 1939 | OCLC 300015696 | |
This is My Story | Eleanor Roosevelt | Harper & Brothers | 1937 | OCLC 1222392544 | |
This I Remember | Eleanor Roosevelt | Harper & Brothers | 1949 | OCLC 1222358304 | |
On My Own: The Years since the White House | Eleanor Roosevelt | Harper & Brothers | 1958 | OCLC 1007583041 | |
The Autobiography of Eleanor Roosevelt | Eleanor Roosevelt | Harper & Brothers | 1961 | OCLC 241967 | [note 3] |
A White House Diary | Lady Bird Johnson | Holt, Rinehart & Winston | 1970 | ISBN 978-0-03-085254-1 OCLC 247688211 | |
The Times of My Life | Betty Ford | Harper & Row | 1978 | ISBN 978-0-06-011298-1 OCLC 1089520085 | [note 4] |
Betty: A Glad Awakening | Betty Ford | Doubleday | 1987 | ISBN 978-0-385-23502-0 OCLC 624464837 | [note 4] |
First Lady from Plains | Rosalynn Carter | Houghton Mifflin | 1984 | ISBN 978-0-395-35294-6 OCLC 608350043 | |
Everything to Gain: Making the Most of the Rest of Your Life | Rosalynn Carter | Random House | 1987 | ISBN 978-0-394-55858-5 OCLC 1020180943 | [note 5] |
Nancy: The Autobiography of America's First Lady | Nancy Reagan | HarperCollins | 1980 | ISBN 978-0-688-03533-4 OCLC 5613799 | [note 6] |
My Turn: The Memoirs of Nancy Reagan | Nancy Reagan | Random House | 1989 | ISBN 978-0-394-56368-8 OCLC 19921006 | [note 7] |
Barbara Bush: A Memoir | Barbara Bush | Scribner | 1994 | ISBN 978-0-02-519635-3 OCLC 733651482 | |
Reflections: Life After the White House | Barbara Bush | Scribner | 2004 | ISBN 978-0-7432-5582-0 OCLC 57355785 | |
Living History | Hillary Clinton | Simon & Schuster | 2003 | ISBN 978-0-7432-2224-2 OCLC 961885123 | |
Hard Choices | Hillary Clinton | Simon & Schuster | 2014 | ISBN 978-1-4767-5144-3 OCLC 900303720 | |
What Happened | Hillary Clinton | Simon & Schuster | 2017 | ISBN 978-1-5011-7556-5 OCLC 1003606642 | |
Spoken from the Heart | Laura Bush | Scribner | 2010 | ISBN 978-1-4391-5520-2 OCLC 669262090 | |
Becoming | Michelle Obama | Crown Publishing Group | 2018 | ISBN 978-1-5247-6313-8 OCLC 1079014347 | |
Where the Light Enters: Building a Family, Discovering Myself | Jill Biden | Flatiron Books | 2019 | ISBN 978-1-250-18234-0 OCLC 1198401967 | [note 8] |
Melania | Melania Trump | Skyhorse Publishing | 2024 |
See also
Notes and references
Notes
- ^ According to Stuart Leibiger, "Many historians (including myself) have cited the Memoirs and Letters of Dolly Madison: Wife of James Madison, President of the United States [...] without realizing that the volume was actually written by Dolley's niece, Mary Estelle Elizabeth Cutts, and published without attribution."[3]
- ^ Grant tried but was unable to secure a publisher for her memoirs during her lifetime.[5]
- ^ Compiled material from her first three autobiographies with additional chapters[13]
- ^ a b Written with Chris Chase[14][15]
- ^ Written with husband Jimmy Carter[16]
- ^ Written with Bill Libby[17]
- ^ Written with William Novak[18]
- ^ Published before becoming the first lady[19]
References
- ^ a b c d Fehrman, Craig (May 21, 2010). "First Lady Lit". The New York Times. Archived from the original on April 3, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2015..
- ^ a b c Sánchez, Bianca (November 13, 2018). "The History of First Ladies' Memoirs". Smithsonian Magazine. Archived from the original on November 29, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
- ^ Leibiger, Stuart (June 2014). "The Queen of America: Mary Cutts's Life of Dolley Madison". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 44 (2): 376–377. doi:10.1111/psq.12125.
- ^ a b c Anthony, Carl (May 18, 2016). "First Ladies as Author". The National First Ladies' Library. Archived from the original on November 29, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
- ^ a b "The Personal Memoirs of Julia Dent Grant". National Park Service. Archived from the original on November 27, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
- ^ a b c Brockell, Gillian (November 12, 2018). "Julia Grant couldn't find a publisher for her memoir. Michelle Obama got paid millions for hers". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on November 22, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
- ^ "The Memoirs of Mrs. Wilson". The New York Times. March 12, 1939. Retrieved August 19, 2021.
- ^ Fehrman, Craig (2012). "Reagan and the Rise of the Blockbuster Political Memoir". American Literary History. 24 (3): 468–490. doi:10.1093/alh/ajs031. ISSN 0896-7148. JSTOR 23249745. Retrieved May 20, 2021.
- ^ "Michelle Obama's book is set to become the best-selling memoir in history". Reuters. March 27, 2019. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020 – via NBC News.
- ^ Superville, Darlene (November 19, 2019). "Michelle Obama signs 'Becoming' copies on book's anniversary". Associated Press. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021. Retrieved November 20, 2020.
- ^ Mahdawi, Arwa (December 1, 2020). "Operation Rebrand Melania: What can we expect from the first lady's rumoured memoir?". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 17, 2021. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
- ^ Zoellner, Danielle (November 28, 2020). "Melania Trump 'in discussions about writing her own memoir'". The Independent. Archived from the original on May 17, 2021. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
- ^ Laski, Marghanita (August 3, 1962). "Eleanor Roosevelt's autobiography – archive, 1962". The Guardian. Archived from the original on November 28, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
- ^ Howard, Jane (December 21, 2018). "Notes From the Book Review Archives". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
- ^ "Betty — A Glad Awakening". Kirkus Reviews. Archived from the original on October 26, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
- ^ Carter, Jimmy; Carter, Rosalynn (1987). Everything to Gain: Making the Most of the Rest of Your Life. University of Arkansas Press. ISBN 978-1-55728-388-7. JSTOR j.ctt22h6q6h. Archived from the original on May 19, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
- ^ Quinn, Sally (May 1, 1980). "Nancy Reagan On the Road To the Realm". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
- ^ "My Turn". Publishers Weekly. Archived from the original on May 18, 2021. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
- ^ Jensen, Erin (May 7, 2019). "Jill Biden writes of marriage with Joe, 'totally shattering' death of son Beau in new book". USA Today. Archived from the original on June 30, 2019. Retrieved May 18, 2021.
Further reading
- Wertheimer, Molly Meijer, ed. (2004). Inventing a Voice: The Rhetoric of American First Ladies of the Twentieth Century. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7425-2971-7.
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