List of Roman governors of Africa

Rome appointed governors of Africa from its conquest of Carthage in 146 BC until the province was lost to the Vandals in AD 439. The extent of 'Africa' varied time to time, but area/province encompassing and surrounding Carthage as a representative city of this region was always considered 'Africa' in a narrow sense.

146–100 BC

Unless otherwise noted, names of governors in Africa and their dates are taken from T.R.S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, (New York: American Philological Association, 1951, 1986), vol. 1, and vol. 2 (1952).

Inscriptional evidence is less common for this period than for the Imperial era, and names of those who held a provincia are usually recorded by historians only during wartime or by the Fasti Triumphales. After the defeat of Carthage in 146 BC, no further assignments to Africa among the senior magistrates or promagistrates are recorded until the Jugurthine War (112–105 BC), when the command against Jugurtha in Numidia became a consular province.

  • P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus Aemilianus (146 BC)
  • uncertain 146/45–112/11
  • L. Calpurnius Bestia (111 BC)
  • Sp. Postumius Albinus (110–109 BC)[i]
  • Q. Caecilius Metellus Numidicus (109–107 BC)[ii]
  • C. Marius (107–105 BC)
  • L. Cornelius Sulla (105 BC)[iii]
  • uncertain 105–100/90s

90s–31 BC

During the civil wars of the 80s and 40s BC, legitimate governors are difficult to distinguish from purely military commands, as rival factions were vying for control of the province by means of force.

  • None known with reasonable certainty for the 90s BC
  • L. Marcius Phylippus (96—95 BC)[1]
  • P. Sextilius (88–87 BC)[2]
  • Q. Caecilius Metellus Pius (86–84 BC)[3]
  • C. Fabius Hadrianus (84–82 BC)[4]
  • Gn. Pompeius Magnus (82–79 BC)
  • uncertain 79-77
  • L. Licinius Lucullus (77–76/75 BC)
  • uncertain 76/75–70/69
  • A. Manlius Torquatus (69 BC or earlier)
  • uncertain 69–67
  • L. Sergius Catilina (67–66 BC)
  • uncertain 66–62
  • Q. Pompeius Rufus (62–60/59 BC)
  • T. Vettius, cognomen possibly Sabinus (58–57 BC)
  • Q. Valerius Orca (56 BC)
  • uncertain 56–53/52
  • P. Attius Varus (52 BC and probably earlier; see also below)
  • C. Considius Longus (51–50 BC)
  • L. Aelius Tubero (49 BC; may never have assumed the post)
  • P. Attius Varus (seized control again in 49 and held Africa until 48)
  • Q. Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio Nasica (47 BC)
  • M. Porcius Cato (jointly in 47 BC with special charge of Utica)
  • C. Caninius Rebilus (46 BC)
  • C. Calvisius Sabinus (45–early 44 BC, Africa Vetus)
  • C. Sallustius Crispus, the historian usually known in English as Sallust (45 BC, Africa Nova)
  • Q. Cornificius (44–42 BC, Africa Vetus)
  • T. Sextius (44–40 BC, Africa Nova)
  • C. Fuficius Fango (41 BC)
  • M. Aemilius Lepidus (40–36 BC)
  • T. Statilius Taurus (35 BC)
  • L. Cornificius (34–32 BC)
  • uncertain 32–31

Reign of Augustus

  • uncertain 31–29
  • Lucius Autronius Paetus (29/28 BC)[5]: 45 
  • uncertain 28–25
  • Marcus Acilius Glabrio (25 BC)[5]: 45 
  • uncertain 24–c. 21
  • Lucius Sempronius Atratinus (?c. 21/20 BC)[5]: 45 
  • Lucius Cornelius Balbus (20/19 BC)[5]: 45 
  • uncertain 19–14
  • Gaius Sentius Saturninus (14/13 BC)[5]: 45 
  • Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus (13/12 BC)
  • uncertain 12–9/8
  • Publius Quinctilius Varus (8/7 BC)[5]: 320 
  • Lucius Volusius Saturninus (7/6 BC)[5]: 320 
  • Africanus Fabius Maximus (6/5 BC)[5]: 320 
  • uncertain 4 BC – c. AD 4
  • Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso (3 BC?)[6]
  • Lucius Cornelius Lentulus (c. AD 4)[7]
  • Lucius Passienus Rufus approx (c. AD 4/5)
  • Cossus Cornelius Lentulus Gaetulicus (c. AD 5/6)[7]
  • uncertain c. 6 – c. 8
  • Lucius Caninius Gallus (c. AD 8)
  • uncertain c. 8–14
  • Lucius Nonius Asprenas[8] (14–15)

1st century AD

2nd century (101–200)

3rd century (201–300)

4th century (301–400)

5th century

  • ? Helpidius (401–402)
  • Septiminus (att. 20 Feb. – 13 Sep. 403)
  • ? Rufius Antonius Agrypnius Volusianus (404–405)
  • Flavius Pionius Diotimus (att. 5 Mar. – 8 Dec. 405)
  • Gaius Aelius Pompeius Porfyrius Proculus (att. 15 Nov. 407 – 5 Jun. 408)
  • Donatus (att. 11–24 Nov. 408)
  • Macrobius Palladius (409–410)
  • Apringius (att. late 411)
  • Eucharius (att. 29 Feb. – 8 Aug. 412)
  • Quintus Sentius Fabricius Julianus (att. 15 Oct. 412 – 30 Aug. 414)
  • Aurelius Anicius Symmachus (att. 28 Aug. 415)

Notes

  1. ^ Continued as proconsul until the arrival of Metellus in 109 BC.
  2. ^ Continued as proconsul until the arrival of his successor Marius, whom he declined to meet for the transfer of command. He triumphed over Numidia in 106 and received his cognomen Numidicus at that time.
  3. ^ Delegated command pro praetore when Marius returned to Rome.
  4. ^ Unless otherwise stated, the names of the proconsular governors from 69 to 139 are taken from Werner Eck, "Jahres- und Provinzialfasten der senatorischen Statthalter von 69/70 bis 138/139", Chiron, 12 (1982), pp. 281–362; 13 (1983), pp. 147–237
  5. ^ Unless otherwise stated, the names of the proconsular governors from 139 to 180 are taken from Géza Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand unter der Antoninen (Bonn: Rudolf Habelt Verlag, 1977), pp. 207–211
  6. ^ Unless otherwise stated, the names of the proconsular governors from 180 to 217 are taken from Paul M. M. Leunissen, Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben, 1989) pp. 213–220
  7. ^ a b Unless otherwise stated, the names of the proconsular governors from 333 to 392 are taken from the list in Barnes, T.D. (1985). "Proconsuls of Africa, 337–392". Phoenix. 39 (2): 144–153. doi:10.2307/1088824. JSTOR 1088824.
  8. ^ Unless otherwise stated, the names of the proconsular governors from 392 to 414 are taken from the list Barnes, T.D. (1983). "Late Roman Prosopography: Between Theodosius and Justinian". Phoenix. 37 (3): 248–270. doi:10.2307/1088953. JSTOR 1088953.
  9. ^ "Ennoius" in the Codex Theodosianus and "Ennodius" in the Code of Justinian. Barnes says the latter is preferable.[23][24]

References

  1. ^ Alexander M. Charles. The Trials in The Late Roman Republic, 149 B.C. to 50 B.C. — Phoenix. — Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990. — Kol. 251. — Pp. 46—47. — № 90. — ISBN 0-8020-5787-X
  2. ^ T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, Vol II (1952), p. 40
  3. ^ Broughton, Magistrates, pp. 46, 57, 60
  4. ^ Broughton, Magistrates, pp. 59, 63, 68
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Syme, Ronald (1989). The Augustan Aristocracy. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-814731-2.
  6. ^ Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony; Eidinow, Esther, eds. (2012), The Oxford Classical Dictionary, Oxford University Press, p. 270, ISBN 978-0-19-954556-8
  7. ^ a b Syme, Ronald, The Roman Revolution (1939) p. 435
  8. ^ Tacitus, Annals I.53
  9. ^ Tacitus, Annals II.52
  10. ^ Tacitus, Annals III.21
  11. ^ Tacitus, Annals III.35, III.58
  12. ^ Tacitus, Annals IV.23
  13. ^ CIL VIII, 10568
  14. ^ Tacitus, Annals XII.59
  15. ^ AE 1968, 549
  16. ^ Tacitus, Annals XI.21
  17. ^ It is possible he was proconsul of Asia instead.
  18. ^ Alföldy, Konsulat und Senatorenstand, pp. 365–367
  19. ^ Mennen, Inge (26 April 2011). Power and Status in the Roman Empire, AD 193-284. Brill. p. 261. ISBN 978-90-04-20359-4.
  20. ^ Lambert, Stephen (2021). "On the Conveyance of the Sacred Objects for the Eleusinian Mysteries: An Archaising Athenian Assembly Decree of the Third Century AD". In Mackil, E.; Papazarkadas, N. (eds.). Greek epigraphy and religion : papers in memory of Sara B. Aleshire from the Second North American Congress of Greek and Latin Epigraphy. Leiden: Brill. p. 97. ISBN 978-90-04-44254-2.
  21. ^ Paul Leunissen notes this proconsul could be identified with either P. Julius Scapula Lepidus Tertullus Priscus, consul ordinary 195, or C. Julius Scapula Lepidus Tertullus, consul suffect between 195 and 197 (Konsuln und Konsulare in der Zeit von Commodus bis Severus Alexander (1989), p. 217)
  22. ^ Jones, Arnold Hugh Martin, John Robert Martindale, John Morris, Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Volume 1, Cambridge University Press, 1992, ISBN 0-521-07233-6, pp. 187–188
  23. ^ Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, vol. I, p. 278
  24. ^ Barnes, "Late Roman Prosopography", p. 257