Bhutanese legislation
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Bhutanese legislation is created by the bicameral Parliament of Bhutan. Either the Monarch Druk Gyalpo or the non-partisan house National Council or the seat of the Government National Assembly may admit bills into Parliament to be passed as acts, with the exception of money and financial bills, which are the sole purview of the National Assembly.[1][2] When a bill has been introduced and passed by one house, it must present the bill to the other house within thirty days from the date of passing, and the bill may be passed during the next session of Parliament.[1] In the case of budget bills and urgent matters, a bill must be passed in the same session of Parliament.[1]
Once bills have passed Parliament, they are submitted to the King for royal assent within fifteen days.[1]
If the other house neither passes nor returns the bill by the end of the next session, the bill is deemed to have passed, and the house in which the bill originated shall present the bill within fifteen days to the King for assent.[1]
If the King does not grant assent to the bill, he returns the bill with amendments or objections for Parliament to deliberate and vote on the bill in a joint sitting. After Parliament deliberates and passes the bill in a joint sitting, Parliament resubmits the bill to the Druk Gyalpo who must then grant assent to the bill.[1]
Acts passed predating the enactment of the Constitution in 2008 were passed under different procedures, some originating as promulgations by the King as indicated in their preamble. Below is a list of acts of the Kingdom of Bhutan.
List of acts of the Kingdom of Bhutan
Order[nb 1] | Act[3] | Year | English | Dzongkha |
---|---|---|---|---|
88 | Anti-Corruption Act, 2011 | 2011 | ||
87 | Royal Monetary Authority Act | 2010 | English and Dzongkha | |
86 | Tobacco Control Act | 2010 | English and Dzongkha | |
85 | Entitlement & Service Conditions Act for the Holders, Members & Commissioners of Constitutional Offices | 2010 | English and Dzongkha | |
84 | Bhutan Standards Act | 2010 | English and Dzongkha | |
83 | Local Government Act | 2009 | English and Dzongkha | |
82 | Cooperative (Amendment) Act | 2009 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
81 | Prison Act | 2009 | English and Dzongkha[permanent dead link] | |
80 | Royal Bhutan Police Act | 2009 | English and Dzongkha[permanent dead link] | |
79 | Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan | 2008 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha |
78 | Election Act of the Kingdom of Bhutan | 2008 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
77 | National Council Act | 2008 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
76 | National Assembly Act | 2008 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
75 | National Referendum Act | 2008 | (unavailable) | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
74 | Public Election Fund Act | 2008 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
73 | Parliamentary Entitlements Act | 2008 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
72 | Land Act | 2007 | English | Dzongkha |
71 | Civil Society Organizations Act | 2007 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
70 | Immigration Act | 2007 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
69 | Judicial Service Act | 2007 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
68 | Labour and Employment Act | 2007 | English and Dzongkha[permanent dead link] | |
67 | Natural Environment Protection Act | 2007 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
66 | Public Finance Act | 2007 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
65 | Religious Organizations Act | 2007 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
64 | Local Governments Act[nb 2] | 2007 | English and Dzongkha | |
63 | Anti Corruption Act | 2006 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
62 | Audit Act | 2006 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
61 | Bhutan Information Communications & Media Act | 2006 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
60 | Office of the Attorney General Act | 2006 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
59 | Evidence Act | 2005 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
58 | Food Act | 2005 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
57 | Movable Cultural Property Act | 2005 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
56 | Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Substance Abuse Act | 2005 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
55 | Penal Code of the Kingdom of Bhutan | 2004 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
54 | Road Act | 2004 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
53 | Tenancy Act | 2004 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
52 | National Assembly Committees Act | 2004 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
51 | National Assembly Speakers Act | 2004 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
50 | Biodiversity Act | 2003 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
49 | Jabmi Act | 2003 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
48 | Medicines Act | 2003 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha |
47 | Dzongkhag Yargay Tshogdu Act[nb 3] | 2002 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
46 | Geog Yargay Tshogchhung Act[nb 4] | 2002 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
45 | Medical and Health Council Act | 2002 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
44 | Civil and Criminal Procedure Code | 2001 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
43 | Commercial Sale of Goods Act | 2001 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
42 | Co-operative Act | 2001 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
41 | Copyright Act | 2001 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
40 | Electricity Act | 2001 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
39 | Income Tax Act | 2001 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
38 | Industrial Property Act | 2001 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
37 | Livestock Act | 2001 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
36 | Civil Aviation Act | 2000 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
35 | Companies Act | 2000 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
34 | Environmental Assessment Act | 2000 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
33 | Pesticides Act | 2000 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
32 | Sales Tax, Customs and Excise Act | 2000 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
31 | Seeds Act | 2000 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
30 | Bankruptcy Act | 1999 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
29 | Bhutan Municipal Act | 1999 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
28 | Bhutan Postal Corporation Act | 1999 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
27 | Legal Deposit Act | 1999 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
26 | Lhengye Zhungtsho Act | 1999 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
25 | Movable and Immovable Property Act | 1999 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
24 | Road Safety and Transport Act | 1999 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
23 | Zhapto Lemi Chhathrim | 1996 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
22 | Forest and Nature Conservation Act | 1995 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
21 | Mines and Mineral Management Act | 1995 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
20 | Census Handbook | 1993 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
19 | Plant Quarantine Act | 1993 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
18 | Financial Institutions Act | 1992 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
17 | National Security Act | 1992 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
16 | Extradition Act | 1991 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
15 | Fire Arms and Ammunition Act | 1990 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
14 | Bhutan Citizen Act | 1985 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
13 | Prison Act[nb 5] | 1982 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
12 | Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan Act | 1982 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
11 | Loan Act | 1981 | (unavailable) | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
10 | Inheritance Act | 1980 | English[permanent dead link] | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
9 | Livestock Act | 1980 | (unavailable) | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
8 | Marriage Act | 1980 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
7 | Royal Bhutan Police Act[nb 6] | 1980 | (unavailable) | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
6 | Land Act | 1979 | (unavailable) | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
5 | Bhutan Citizen Act | 1977 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
4 | National Flag Rules | 1972 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
3 | Kadyon | 1969 | (unavailable) | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
2 | Nationality Law | 1958 | English[permanent dead link] | (unavailable) |
1 | Thrimzhung Chhenmo[nb 7] | 1953 | (unavailable) | Dzongkha[permanent dead link] |
See also
Notes
- ^ The official order is reversed; this ordering allows additions without renumbering.
- ^ The Local Governments Act of 2007 was repealed by the Local Government Act of 2009.
- ^ The Dzongkhag Yargay Tshogdu Act was repealed by the Local Governments Act of 2007, which was in turn repealed by the Local Government Act of 2009.
- ^ The Geog Yargay Tshogchhung Act was repealed by the Local Governments Act of 2007, which was in turn repealed by the Local Government Act of 2009.
- ^ The Prison Act of 1982 was repealed by the Prison Act of 2009.
- ^ The Royal Bhutan Police Act of 1980 was repealed in its entirety by the Royal Bhutan Police Act of 2009.
- ^ The Thrimzhung Chhenmo established the National Assembly and the Royal Advisory Council, which was replaced by the National Council in 2008.
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan (English). Article 13 – Passing of Bills" (PDF). Government of Bhutan. 2008-07-18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-06. Retrieved 2011-01-01.
- ^ "Office of the Attorney General Act of Bhutan 2006" (PDF). Government of Bhutan. 2006-06-30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-24. Retrieved 2011-01-23.
- ^ "List of Acts of the Kingdom of Bhutan". National Council of Bhutan. Archived from the original on 2010-07-27. Retrieved 2011-01-01.
External links
- "Acts". Office of the Attorney General online. Government of Bhutan. Archived from the original on 2010-11-08. Retrieved 2011-01-23., a list of Bhutanese legislation on an alternate server
- "Acts". Bhutan Portal online. Government of Bhutan. Retrieved 2011-03-12.